科学家解密美食为何诱人
2008-05-16
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| 美食 |
科学家解密美食为何诱人
FOOD IS A FEAST FOR YOUR EYES
英国《金融时报》丽贝卡•奈特(Rebecca Knight )报道
2008年5月12日 星期一
那块巧克力蛋糕是不是看上去很好吃？你是不是满脑子都想着它？
最新一期《细胞代谢》(Cell Metabolism)期刊上的一篇报告提出证据，表明确实存在一种胃肠激素，如果让食物显得更可口，这种激素就能促使人们吃得更多。
麦基尔大学(McGill University)蒙特利尔神经学研究所(Montreal Neurological Institute)的研究员在一项脑成像研究中发现，在注入名为ghrelin的激素后，人类反应中枢对食物图像的反应更为强烈。此项发现显示，进食的两种动力——新陈代谢信号和愉悦信号——是密不可分的。
此项研究的领导者阿兰•达格尔(Alain Dagher)表示：“如果你饥肠辘辘地去逛超市，所有的食物看起来都更美味。你的大脑会给每种食物赋予一个性价比。我们已经发现，正是作用于大脑的ghrelin让食物看起来更加诱人。”
这种进食行为可能曾经为人类提供了适应性优势。不过，在如今物质丰富的环境中，它有可能是肥胖及相关疾病的诱因。
据了解，ghrelin激素水平在餐前升高，餐后回落，这表明它会导致饥饿，鼓励人们进食。破坏ghrelin激素作用的疗法可能有助于战胜肥胖。
译者/董琴
阅读本文章英文,请点击 FOOD IS A FEAST FOR YOUR EYES
科学家解密美食为何诱人
FOOD IS A FEAST FOR YOUR EYES
By Rebecca Knight
Monday, May 12, 2008
Does that slice of chocolate cake look delicious or is it all in your head?
A report in the current issue of the journal Cell Metabolism highlights evidence of a gut hormone that causes people to eat more by making food appear more tasty.
In a brain-imaging study, researchers from the Montreal Neurological Institute at McGill University found that reward centres respond more powerfully to pictures of food in people who had been given an infusion of the hormone known as ghrelin. The findings suggest that the two drives for feeding – metabolic signals and pleasure signals – are intertwined.
“When you go to the supermarket hungry, all food looks better,” said Alain Dagher, who led the study. “Your brain assigns a cost versus benefit to every food item. We've found that it is ghrelin that acts on the brain to make food more appealing.”
This feeding behaviour may have once provided an adaptive advantage to humans. In our plentiful environment, however, it is a likely cause of obesity and its associated diseases.
Ghrelin levels are known to increase before a meal and decrease afterwards, suggesting that it causes hunger and encourages eating. Treatments that disrupt the effects of ghrelin might help combat obesity.
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